RedHat Fedora Core 5 上手指南(1) - Linux.Unix爱好者家园

概述

本文是Fedora Core 5的上手指南，与Fedora项目和Redhat公司没有联系。
本文基于Fedora core 5 个人桌面电脑安装模式。
下文中代码方框表示在终端中运行命令：应用程序→ 系统工具→ 终端，或按说明的其它方式运行其中的内容。
为避免输入错误，复制并粘贴命令到终端（右键→ “复制” 或“粘贴”；或Ctrl+C复制、Shift+Insert粘贴）。

注意：这些命令需要root身份运行。在运行命令前先执行：

代码:

su -

输入root密码，
或

参考 #如何快捷的使用Root终端
如果你不喜欢用终端模式，参考 #如何安装yum的图形用户界面
yum和wget需要连接到互联网来安装（install）、升级（update）、下载（download）程序
希望本文能对您有所帮助

从这里开始
什么是Fedora

http://fedora.redhat.com/

哪里可以看到Fedora屏幕截图

http://shots.osdir.com/slideshows/sl...e=335&slide=32

哪里有Fedora所带程序、库文件的清单

http://distrowatch.com/fedora

从哪里下载Fedora

从哪里获得Fedora的帮助

到哪里寻找新程序

到哪里寻找桌面风格组件

软件仓库

如何添extra仓库

晕了头了，这里没有验证，抱歉！ FC4以后默认配置有extra，不用费心了。fadorafaq的仓库还是不用为妙。事实上使用core, extra, livna就够，加上其它的源，属于“责任自负”。有时不是越多越好。

添加RPM联盟仓库

参考 #概述
参考 #如何添加GPG Key

注意：这两个源互不兼容，同时使用时会产生问题。

freshrpms

代码:

rpm -ivh http://ftp.freshrpms.net/pub/freshrpms/fedora/linux/5/freshrpms-release/freshrpms-release-1.1-1.fc.noarch.rpm

dries

代码:

gedit /etc/yum.repos.d/dries.repo

添加如下内容到新文件

代码:

[dries]
name=Extra Fedora rpms dries - $releasever - $basearch
baseurl=http://ftp.belnet.be/packages/dries.ulyssis.org/fedora/linux/$releasever/$basearch/dries/RPMS/
http://apt.sw.be/dries/fedora/fc4/$basearch/dries/RPMS/
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1

newrpms

代码:

gedit /etc/yum.repos.d/newrpms.repo

添加如下内容到新文件

代码:

[newrpms.sunsite.dk]
name=Fedora Core 5 i386 NewRPMS.sunsite.dk
baseurl=http://newrpms.sunsite.dk/apt/redhat/en/$basearch/fc$releasever
http://newrpms.atrpms.net/apt/redhat/en/$basearch/fc$releasever
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1

atrpms

代码:

gedit /etc/yum.repo.d/atrpms.repo

添加如下内容到文件：

代码:

[at-stable]
name=ATrpms for Fedora Core $releasever stable
baseurl=http://dl.atrpms.net/fc$releasever-$basearch/atrpms/stable
enabled=0
gpkcheck=1

jpackage.repo

代码:

gedit /etc/yum.repo.d/jpackage.repo

添加如下内容到文件：

代码:

# Be sure to enable the distro specific repository for your distro below:
# - jpackage-fc for Fedora Core
# - jpackage-rhel for Red Hat Enterprise Linux and derivatives

[jpackage-generic]
name=JPackage (free), generic
mirrorlist=http://www.jpackage.org/jpackage_generic.txt
failovermethod=priority
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://www.jpackage.org/jpackage.asc
enabled=0

[jpackage-fc]
name=JPackage (free) for Fedora Core $releasever
mirrorlist=http://www.jpackage.org/jpackage_fedora-$releasever.txt
failovermethod=priority
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://www.jpackage.org/jpackage.asc
enabled=0

[jpackage-rhel]
name=JPackage (free) for Red Hat Enterprise Linux $releasever
mirrorlist=http://www.jpackage.org/jpackage_rhel-$releasever.txt
failovermethod=priority
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://www.jpackage.org/jpackage.asc
enabled=0

[jpackage-generic-nonfree]
name=JPackage (non-free), generic
mirrorlist=http://www.jpackage.org/jpackage_generic_nonfree.txt
failovermethod=priority
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://www.jpackage.org/jpackage.asc
enabled=0

kde-redhat

代码:

gedit /etc/yum.repo.d/kde-redhat.repo

添加如下内容到文件：

代码:

# kde-redhat.repo, v1.0

[kde-redhat-stable]
name=kde-redhat-stable
baseurl=http://apt.kde-redhat.org/apt/kde-redhat/fedora/$releasever/$basearch/stable/
        ftp://apt.us.kde-redhat.org/linux/kde-redhat/apt/kde-redhat/fedora/$releasever/$basearch/stable/
        ftp://apt.uk.kde-redhat.org/pub/apt/kde-redhat/fedora/$releasever/$basearch/stable/
        http://apt.uk.kde-redhat.org/apt/kde-redhat/fedora/$releasever/$basearch/stable/

mirrorlist=http://apt.kde-redhat.org/apt/kde-redhat/fedora/$releasever/$basearch/stable/mirrors
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://apt.kde-redhat.org/apt/kde-redhat/kde-redhat.RPM-GPG-KEY
enabled=1

[kde-redhat-stable-all]
name=kde-redhat-stable-all
baseurl=http://apt.kde-redhat.org/apt/kde-redhat/all/stable/
        ftp://apt.us.kde-redhat.org/linux/kde-redhat/apt/kde-redhat/all/stable/
        ftp://apt.uk.kde-redhat.org/pub/apt/kde-redhat/all/stable/
        http://apt.uk.kde-redhat.org/apt/kde-redhat/all/stable/

mirrorlist=http://apt.kde-redhat.org/apt/kde-redhat/all/stable/mirrors
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://apt.kde-redhat.org/apt/kde-redhat/kde-redhat.RPM-GPG-KEY
enabled=1

# NOTE: enable/disable *both* testing/testing-all together; requires/depends-on stable and updates-testing
[kde-redhat-testing]
name=kde-redhat-testing
mirrorlist=http://apt.kde-redhat.org/apt/kde-redhat/fedora/$releasever/$basearch/testing/mirrors
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://apt.kde-redhat.org/apt/kde-redhat/kde-redhat.RPM-GPG-KEY
enabled=0

[kde-redhat-testing-all]
name=kde-redhat-testing-all
mirrorlist=http://apt.kde-redhat.org/apt/kde-redhat/all/testing/mirrors
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://apt.kde-redhat.org/apt/kde-redhat/kde-redhat.RPM-GPG-KEY
enabled=0

# NOTE: enable/disable *both* unstable,unstable-all together; requires/depends-on testing
[kde-redhat-unstable]
name=kde-redhat-unstable
mirrorlist=http://apt.kde-redhat.org/apt/kde-redhat/fedora/$releasever/$basearch/unstable/mirrors
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://apt.kde-redhat.org/apt/kde-redhat/kde-redhat.RPM-GPG-KEY
enabled=0

[kde-redhat-unstable-all]
name=kde-redhat-unstable-all
mirrorlist=http://apt.kde-redhat.org/apt/kde-redhat/all/unstable/mirrors
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://apt.kde-redhat.org/apt/kde-redhat/kde-redhat.RPM-GPG-KEY
enabled=0

macromedia-i386/flash

代码:

gedit /etc/yum.repo.d/flash.repo

在新文件中添加如下内容

代码:

[macromedia]
name=Macromedia for i386 Linux
baseurl=http://macromedia.rediris.es/rpm/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://macromedia.mplug.org/FEDORA-GPG-KEY

注意前面添加的几个软件仓库默认是不启用的，需要启用时使用如下命令：

代码:

yum --enablerepo=reponame --other-options

或，将enabled=0修改为enabled=1（不推荐）

如何导入GPG Key
记住必须作为Root执行命令，参考 #概述

代码:

rpm --import http://freshrpms.net/packages/RPM-GPG-KEY.txt
rpm --import http://dries.ulyssis.org/rpm/RPM-GPG-KEY.dries.txt
rpm --import http://newrpms.sunsite.dk/gpg-pubkey-newrpms.txt
rpm --import /usr/share/doc/fedora-release-*/*GPG-KEY*

Fedora 升级
如何手动升级Fedora

参考 #概述
参考 #如何添加extra仓库

代码:

yum check-update
yum update

另一方法是使用pup (包升级工具Package Updater)
pup
从菜单选择
应用程序 -> 系统工具 -> 软件升级工具